Graphene was incorporated into polyamide 6 (PA6) matrix via melt-mixing using two grades of graphene, GrapheneBlack 3X and EG 3806. Prior to melt-mixing graphene was ultrasonicated in N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP), wherein PA6 granules were encapsulated with few-layered graphene. Structural and morphological analyses were conducted using wide-angle X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, along with microscopic methods like optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), which confirmed the presence of graphene sheets. Mechanical testing revealed that the EG 3806 grade significantly enhanced the Young’s modulus to 1.5 GPa at 3.5 wt,%, while nanoindentation showed a hardness of approximately 180 MPa and a modulus of about 2.5 GPa for EG 3806 nanocomposites, compared to pure PA6 with a hardness of 150 MPa and a modulus of 2 GPa. Additionally, dynamic mechanical analysis indicated an improved storage modulus of approximately 3.7 GPa at 120 °C for the PA6/graphene nanocomposites containing EG 3806. The enhanced mechanical properties are attributed to the effective dispersion of few-layered graphene within the PA6 matrix, underscoring the potential of graphene-based PA6 nanocomposites for applications requiring superior mechanical performance.